- favicon.ico
- A legacy image container format that bundles multiple bitmap sizes (typically 16×16, 32×32, and 48×48) in a single file. Modern browsers can read .ico files but prefer PNG favicons; the .ico format remains useful as a universal fallback at the site root.
- Apple touch icon
- A 180×180 PNG that Safari uses as the home-screen icon when a user adds a website to their iOS or iPadOS home screen. Apple automatically applies corner rounding, so the source image should use a square canvas without pre-rounded corners.
- Web app manifest
- A JSON file (manifest.json) that tells the browser how to install and display a Progressive Web App. The icons array inside the manifest specifies PNG files at 192×192 (home screen shortcut) and 512×512 (install prompt and high-DPI display) that the browser fetches when the user installs the PWA.
- Multi-resolution ICO
- A favicon.ico file that contains multiple raster images at different sizes embedded in a single file container. When a browser or OS needs a specific size, it picks the nearest embedded size rather than scaling a single image, resulting in sharper rendering at each resolution.
- PWA icon
- A PNG icon declared in a web app manifest, required for Progressive Web App installation on Android and iOS. The 192×192 variant is used for home-screen shortcuts; the 512×512 variant is used for install prompts and large-icon displays in the Android app drawer.
- <link rel="icon">
- An HTML element placed in <head> that explicitly declares a favicon file and its size and type to the browser. Modern browsers prefer these declared PNG favicons over the automatic /favicon.ico fetch, enabling separate optimised images for different device pixel ratios.