- Minification
- Transformation of JavaScript source code to remove whitespace, comments, and rename local variables to the shortest possible identifiers, reducing file size without changing runtime behaviour.
- Tree Shaking
- A dead-code elimination technique used by module bundlers that removes exported functions and variables that are never imported by any module in the bundle, reducing total script size.
- Total Blocking Time (TBT)
- A Core Web Vitals metric measuring how long the main thread is blocked by JavaScript parsing and execution during page load. Smaller, faster-parsing scripts reduce TBT.
- Source Map
- A .map file that maps positions in minified/bundled output back to their original source locations, enabling browsers and error trackers to display meaningful stack traces from minified production code.
- Terser
- The de facto standard JavaScript minifier used by Webpack, Vite, and esbuild. It performs whitespace removal, dead code elimination, and identifier shortening, producing the smallest safe output of any current open-source minifier.
- Dead Code Elimination
- Removal of code that can never be reached or executed — for example, the false branch of if (false) {...} or functions that are defined but never called. Applied by advanced minifiers as a size optimisation.